scalene muscle การใช้

Isolated dorsal scapular nerve injury is uncommon, but case reports usually involve injury to the scalene muscles.
It includes the prevertebral muscles ( longus colli and longus capitis ), vertebral artery, vertebral vein, scalene muscles, phrenic nerve and part of the brachial plexus.
Nunziante Ippolito, a Neapolitan physician, identified the " angle of Nunziante Ippolito " to find the vertebral artery, between the anterior scalene muscle and the longus colli muscle.
Since the nerves of the brachial plexus pass through the space between the anterior and middle scalene muscles, that area is sometimes targeted with the administration of regional anesthesia by physicians.
The brachial plexus emerges between the anterior and middle scalene muscles, superior to the first rib, and passes obliquely and inferiorly, underneath the clavicle, into the shoulder and then the arm.